doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.07.013Īlépée N, Bahinski A, Daneshian M et al (2014) State-of-the-art of 3D cultures (organs-on-a-chip) in safety testing and pathophysiology. Altern Lab Anim 36:129–140Īdler S, Pellizzer C, Hareng L et al (2008b) First steps in establishing a developmental toxicity test method based on human embryonic stem cells. doi: 10.1111/jnc.12615Īdler S, Lindqvist J, Uddenberg K et al (2008a) Testing potential developmental toxicants with a cytotoxicity assay based on human embryonic stem cells. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2009.07.030Ībushik PA, Niittykoski M, Giniatullina R et al (2014) The role of NMDA and mGluR5 receptors in calcium mobilization and neurotoxicity of homocysteine in trigeminal and cortical neurons and glial cells. We summarize the main cellular characteristics underlying neurotoxicity, present an overview of cellular platforms and read-out combinations assessing distinct parts of acute and developmental neurotoxicology, and highlight especially the use of stem cell-based test systems to close gaps in the available battery of tests.Ībbott NJ, Patabendige AAK, Dolman DEM et al (2010) Structure and function of the blood–brain barrier. The elements of a test, and their evaluation, are discussed here in the context of comprehensive prediction of potential hazardous effects of a compound. Therefore, knowledge on the advantages and disadvantages of all cellular platforms, endpoints, and analytical methods is essential when establishing in vitro test systems for different aspects of neurotoxicity. Moreover, it is important that these be combined in the right way to assess toxicity. Extrapolation from in vitro data to humans requires a deep understanding of the test system biology, of the endpoints used, and of the applicability domains of the tests. Monitoring of toxicological effects on differentiation often requires multiomics approaches, while the acute disturbance of neuronal functions may be analysed by assessing electrophysiological features. They differ in their read-outs and range from simple viability assays to complex functional endpoints such as neural crest cell migration. These are based on animal cells, human tumour cell lines, primary cells, immortalized cell lines, embryonic stem cells, or induced pluripotent stem cells. During the last decade, many in vitro tests emerged. Since the interpretation of animal data and their extrapolation to man is challenging, and the amount of substances with information gaps exceeds present animal testing capacities, there is a big demand for in vitro tests to provide initial information and to prioritize for further evaluation. See article for methods and further detail.Neurotoxicity and developmental neurotoxicity are important issues of chemical hazard assessment.
NEURITE OUTGROWTH CELLPROFILER PIPELINE SOFTWARE
Neurite outgrowth assays_IncuCyte_settings.docx - settings used for the Incucyte® Neurotrack Analysis Software Module in IncuCyte Controller (version 2020B) to analyse data shown in Fig. High-throughput confocal imaging_MetaXpress_settings.docx - settings used for MetaXpress (version 6.7.0.211) to analyse data shown in Fig. spot_colocalization_analysis.ijm - ImageJ (version 2.1.0) script used to analyse data shown in Fig. DAGLB_vs_TGN46_analysis_SH-SY5Y_neuronal_cells_v3.1.9.cppipe - Cell Profiler (version 3.1.9) script used to analyse data shown in Fig. DAGLB_vs_TGN46_analysis_patient_neurons_v3.1.9.cppipe - Cell Profiler (version 3.1.9) script used to analyse data shown in Fig. DAGLB_vs_TGN46_analysis_HeLa_cells_v3.1.9.cppipe - Cell Profiler (version 3.1.9) script used to analyse data shown in Fig. Image analysis pipelines from the article "AP-4-mediated axonal transport controls endocannabinoid production in neurons", published in Nature Communications by Davies et al.
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